Flue Gas Desulphurization

Flue Gas Desulphurization (FGD) technology for gaseous pollution control

Air pollution in thermal or any process plants occur when chemical fumes, particulate matter, product, or any odours are released into the atmosphere. These emissions can contain harmful oxides of Carbon, Nitrogen and Sulphur which adversely affect not only the environment but also the life around it. SO2 is a corrosive gas that is created by the oxidation of sulphur-bearing materials such as coals, oil, and natural gas. 

CO2 emissions can be controlled by installing super-critical technology equipment. SO2/SO3 emissions can be contained by installing FGD systems. 

  • FGD Wet

    Wet FGD

    In most wet FGD technology, a limestone/gypsum wet-scrubbing process is used. Usually the plant is located downstream of the electrostatic precipitator (ESP) so that most of the fly ash generated from combustion is removed before the gas reaches the FGD plant. These systems have the potential to reduce SO2 emissions by more than 90%, but are more water intensive and expensive.

  • FGD Semi-Dry

    Semi-Dry FGD

    The semi-dry FGD processes employ a circulating fluidized bed, dry spray, or duct dry spray to produce powdered mixtures of calcium compounds.

  • FGD Dry

    Dry FGD

    FGD technology using dry processes injects lime or sodium bicarbonate into the furnace of the boiler to absorb the SO2. The sorbent is then extracted, together with the fly ash, as a mixture of ash and calcium/sodium components. Dry FGD systems are more easily retrofitted onto existing combustion facilities.

Other FGD technologies include the use of seawater washing, ammonia scrubbing, and a method employing aqueous sodium sulphate solution.

Ecomak can design and implement FGD solutions with methods enlisted below:

Removal of gaseous pollutants by:

  • Dry or Semi-dry chemisorption of acid crude gases such as HF, HCl, SOx, etc. with Ca or Na based additive powders.
  • Adsorption of PCDD/PCDF, as well as Hg and Hg-compounds, by means of activated carbon / coke or other additive qualities with large inner surfaces.
  • Absorption / Adsorption of additional gaseous heavy metal compounds.

In a FGD system, the equipment is constantly in exposed to corrosive and abrasive environments. Absorbers, demisters, ducting, process tanks and agitators face continuous exposure and even corrosion. Ecomak provides specially lined equipment which reduces the impact of chemical/physical properties of the scrubbing liquid on its useful life.

Most Suitable for:

  • Power plants
  • Waste to energy power plants
  • Domestic waste combustion
  • RDF combustion
  • Non-Ferrous metal
  • Steel
  • Ceramic
  • Glass furnace
  • Tyre combustion